Articles 22–27 sanction an individual's economic, social and cultural rights, including healthcare.Articles 18–21 sanction the so-called "constitutional liberties" and spiritual, public, and political freedoms, such as freedom of thought, opinion, expression, religion and conscience, word, peaceful association of the individual, and receiving and imparting information and ideas through any media.Articles 12–17 set forth the rights of the individual towards the community, including freedom of movement and residence within each state, the right of property and the right to a nationality.
Articles 6–11 refer to the fundamental legality of human rights with specific remedies cited for their defence when violated.Articles 3–5 establish other individual rights, such as the right to life and the prohibition of slavery and torture.Articles 1–2 establish the basic concepts of dignity, liberty, and equality.The preamble sets out the historical and social causes that led to the necessity of drafting the Declaration.The Declaration consists of the following: Its final structure took form in the second draft prepared by French jurist René Cassin, who worked on the initial draft prepared by Canadian legal scholar John Peters Humphrey.
The underlying structure of the Universal Declaration was influenced by the Code Napoléon, including a preamble and introductory general principles.
Adopted as a "common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations", the UDHR commits nations to recognize all humans as being "born free and equal in dignity and rights" regardless of "nationality, place of residence, gender, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status". Ī foundational text in the history of human and civil rights, the Declaration consists of 30 articles detailing an individual's "basic rights and fundamental freedoms" and affirming their universal character as inherent, inalienable, and applicable to all human beings. Of the 58 members of the United Nations at the time, 48 voted in favour, none against, eight abstained, and two did not vote. It was accepted by the General Assembly as Resolution 217 during its third session on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.